As Mainland China increasingly strengthens the effort to go international academically, writing and publishing English papers in internationally refereed journals has become a major concern for the new generation of doctoral researchers in various science disciplines. This study aims to answer the following two questions: 1. How confident are Mainland Chinese doctoral researchers in writing English papers for international publication? 2. How do they evaluate their status in the endeavour in comparison with their international counterparts? 154 questionnaires were collected and in-depth interviews were conducted with a selection of doctoral students (N = 15) and supervisors (N = 5) at a comprehensive university. Findings suggest that Chinese doctoral students across various science disciplines are generally confident in writing and publishing English papers internationally. Except for a relative deficiency in using the English language, they do not think that they are disadvantaged in the endeavour vis-à-vis their international peers.