1. Haploid spores germinate and develop into individual gametophytes.

2. A male gametophyte produces antheridia with sperm in water drop generated during raining.

3. Sperm swim towards archegonia of a female gametophyte.

4. Fertilization of a sperm cell and an egg results in the formation of zygote.

5. The zygote develops into a sporophyte which remains attached to the gametophyte all the time.

6. The mature sporophyte (2n) produces haploid spores which are dispersed to establish new gametophytes.